victorian travel writing research

Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. from the skilled working class. Objectification rather than identification was the more common approach on the study of native people. by Mark Bennett. Many of the observations made by women traveling to the East concerned the indigenous people (Stevenson 10). The conference’s second keynote by Abdulrazak Gurnah (Kent) also discussed the representation of the British Empire in different travel writings. in Romero 163), Hitherto the young African desirous and keen for higher education has had to seek his training overseas, in surroundings alien to those amongst which he must ultimately live and work, thus exposing himself to the danger of growing out of touch with his own race during the most important period of his intellectual development. Get the best of Smithsonian magazine by email. Dickens stormed it with pen and paper. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Dickens’ columns made a splash when they were seen in multiple periodicals from 1834 to 1836, culminating in the publication of Sketches by Boz. (Forbes qtd. selections and you must then use your browser's search facility to find the actual Bring Dickens on a trip to Greenwich, in southeast London, and the quiet hamlet springs alive. In referencing Vernon Lee’s experience of homesickness for places she’d never been to, Leonie’s analysis of how familiar classical texts blurred the distinction between sensory reality and the imaginary linked back to Alex Hobson’s (Aberystwyth) earlier talk about the haunting of nineteenth-century sea narratives. Another lost corner of London is Vauxhall Gardens on the south bank of the Thames, a pleasure ground long paved over. “He teaches us to read the city like a book.” Making the familiar fresh, he attunes us to its richness and encourages imagination. She was always telling me about books she read. Some women sought to further a cause, like missionary work, while others traveled to satisfy personal curiosities of “exotic” lands. Terms of Use mention within the text, but this more general facility simply takes you to relevant Both forms, she claimed, problematise the boundaries between what is civilised and what is savage, complicating the assertion of European superiority over the Empire. in Robinson 174-175), Victorian Women Writers From imperial explorers who traversed the contested spaces beyond the colonial frontiers, to the mass-mobilisations enabled first by the train and later by the bicycle, travel was an ongoing fascination for writers in the period. you will be better off searching using the main home page, as our travellers often larger areas, and most geographical names when used to identify on the top of a hackney-coach, at something past four o’clock in the morning, with a rather confused idea of our own name, or place of residence.”. For more transport-related data, visit Data Vic. Give a Gift. JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. I do not remember the names. Men, however, were not allowed into these female dwellings. "London", only districts within the city. Friends and relations carry this material to the appointed site. Would like some help with the authors who were anthropologists. Some women sought to further a cause, like missionary work, while others traveled to satisfy personal curiosities of “exotic” lands. Abstract. For what they said about your town or village, search by place-name from our main home page; Select an author from our gallery below to learn more, and to read their book "cover-to-cover" Click on place-names within the text to find out more about the places they visited Daný van Dam and Lara Atkin report from a conference celebrating the fascinating cast of opera singers, mountaineers, cross-dressers, actors and tourists of both genders who travelled the Victorian world. In another example of how newly defined ‘leisured spaces’ became sites of social and economic contestation, Selina Philpin (Cardiff Metropolitan) discussed how the river Thames shifted from a commercial to a recreational space by using George Dunlop’s Leslie’s Our River: Personal Reminiscences of an Artist’s Lie on the River Thames (1881). William of Malmesbury. Women viewed the people of the “Orient” from many different personal positions (See Orientalism). the only names that come to mind that I remember mentioning where Margaret Mead and Ruth Benedict. in Ghose 58), According to modern “emancipated” lights, the answer of a poor Mohammedan woman in Calcutta to my question as to what she regarded as the chief happiness she would desire for herself might seem a contracted one. She cannot move abroad without being thickly veiled; she cannot amuse herself by shopping in the bazaars, owing to the attention she would attract unless attired in Persian garments. Do Crows Possess a Form of Consciousness? Victorian Literature is the literature produced during the reign of Queen Victoria (1837-1901) A.D. During this time, England was undergoing a … The places Dickens describes resemble in many ways the urban life we know today – crammed with people from different backgrounds and classes. The speakers covered a broad variety of topics – from ghost ships to undercover travelling, from newspaper poems to cycling diaries and from fictional narratives to records of deeply personal affective engagements with places and spaces. Outside the Crown pub, ruddy men laugh loudly, sloshing their pints; shoppers’ heels click on cobblestones; and tourists spill bewildered out of a musical at the Cambridge Theatre. Already a successful Parliamentary reporter, he brought a journalistic perspective to the essays. Advertising Notice How Charles Dickens Saw London Sketches by Boz, the volume of newspaper columns that became Dickens’ first book, invokes a colorful view of 19th-century England radical press, but give a clearer idea of how ordinary people travelled. Rather, she claimed how Homer’s Odyssey informed – haunted – this and other nineteenth-century stories about the sea, texts which problematised the process of colonial expansion even at the height of British naval supremacy. We are committed to keeping you up to date with how your trains, trams, buses and road networks are operating via the following links: Access to data from the Victorian Integrated Survey of Travel and Activity is also available via VISTA online. Rebecka Klette (Birkbeck) discussed an entirely different form of travel through Jerome K. Jerome’s Three Men on the Bummel (1900), a follow-up on his successful Three Men in a Boat in which the same three characters go on a cycling tour of Germany. Wells’ The Time Machine. Read today, Sketches leads us on an alternative tour of the city. Defoe, The former has the resource of his occupation, the sports of the field, the gossip and the scandal of the town, in which he must join whether he likes to or not; and finally, Persian visiting cannot be altogether neglected, and if freely entered into, is alone a lavish consumer of time. This interdisciplinary study explores both the personal and political significance of climate in the Victorian imagination. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. Although few of the women travelers were known to be sympathetic to the cause of the indigenous peoples, Mary Kingsley advocated for anticolonial causes (Stevenson 11). This was followed by a traditional pub dinner for all the delegates. Leonie described how Vernon Lee was raised as an ‘anti-traveller’, distinguishing between the ‘moving’ undertaken by those becoming ‘culturally fluent’ foreigners and the touristic aspects of travelling to sight-see. Haunting, in Alex’ discussion, not only referred to the ghost-like presence of the sailor and his narrative in Coleridge’s The Rime of the Ancient Mariner. (qtd. Several papers explored the experience of travelling. This interdisciplinary study explores both the personal and political significance of climate in the Victorian imagination. In the street’s secondhand clothing shops, “the burial-place of the fashions,” Dickens saw whole lives hanging in the windows. was constantly mentioned by travellers wherever they were; for Research Guides English Literature Victorian Era Enter Search ... Say “Wilkie Collins” to a late Victorian reader of fiction and he or she (Collins appealed to both) would have fired back two words: “sensation” and “bohemian.” ... born in Edinburgh, EC Scotland, UK. Why Charles Dickens Wrote "A Christmas Carol". Cookie Policy You feel on entering one of their houses that their great desire is to please you and that their whole attention is given to you as a guest. A chief’s ornaments, anklets, rings and bracelets, are very beautiful and of pure Ashanti gold, strange and rare in design and of the best native workmanship. Marie Postans, an English traveler, represents many of the superior attitudes of Europeans. Newspaper essays collected into his first book, in 1836, Sketches follows a fictional narrator, Boz, who roams the metropolis and observes its neighborhoods, people and customs. I was informed, however, that such can rarely be the case in India, owing to the universal employment of men in the household occupations with us exclusively appropriate to women; it would not, therefore, be safe for a young girl to be placed as a servant in the family. A boy who once fit into a tight jacket then wore a suit, and later grew portly enough for a broad green coat with metal buttons. As far as possible, selections are the chapters in the original book Victorian Travel and Imperial Spaces, a two-day symposium the University of Kent, brought together early-career scholars from a range of institutions to explore the varied relationships between time, space and individual subjectivity in Victorian ‘travel’ writing . Postans’ documentation of Indian behavior supported an existing belief in the Puritan work ethic during the nineteenth century. fit our definition of "place", such as landed estates, or any other term you are interested in. spread ideas. Use this form to find mentions of places outside Britain, locations that do not Burton regularly dressed as a local inhabitant of the different parts of the world he was visiting and was able to ‘pass’ as a racial and cultural other. My mother was the librarian in our little tiny townin the ’50’s and ’60’s. (qtd. Passing through in 1835, he observed “streets and courts [that] dart in all directions, until they are lost in the unwholesome vapour which hangs over the house-tops and renders the dirty perspective uncertain and confined.” There were drunken women quarrelling—“Vy don’t you pitch into her, Sarah?”—and men “in their fustian dresses, spotted with brick-dust and whitewash” leaning against posts for hours. View. These women behaved paternalistically towards the natives, as white men acted towards them. This is a special collection of mostly lesser-known In a panel on Domestic and Public Spaces in India, Éadaoin Agnew (Kingston) also discussed travel writing and its representation of identity. Your email address will not be published. “To see my husband happy, and to know that what I have cooked and done for him has helped to make him so; to see my sons grow up as men, honest and strong, and to know that my daughters are well married” — is in my view a praiseworthy domestic ideal, enough even when set beside the possibilities of a bank holiday on Hampstead Heath. He also discussed the gender-differences in the writing of brother and sister, visible for example in how Francis Younghusband’s most famous work is simply called Kashmir, as if it was the authoritative source on that region, while his sister Ethel’s work, Glimpses, is titled more tentatively. Sept. 17, 1838: The first modern railroad line, the London-Birmingham Railway, opens, starting the steam-powered railway boom and revolutionizing travel.. … A vision of Britain from 1801 to now. or Jessica Howell is Wellcome Research Fellow at the Centre for the Humanities and Health, King’s College London, where she researches health and the literature of empire. This was especially clear in attitudes towards women who researched and collected data, so women traveled to create a space for their research. (qtd. It was a different world from the gloomy postwar developments that now line the river: “The temples and saloons and cosmoramas and fountains glittered and sparkled before our eyes; the beauty of the lady singers and the elegant deportment of the gentlemen, captivated our hearts; a few hundred thousand of additional lamps dazzled our senses; a bowl or two of reeking punch bewildered our brains; and we were happy.”. Village Hiker Publishing Company. . In an examination of Neo-Victorian seascapes, Daný van Dam used the neo-Victorian novel Sixty Lights to show how travel itself may function as an ‘othering’ device, influencing characters’ perception of their relation to their surroundings. Dickens was concerned only with the here and now. Female European researchers who objectified native women were very critical of the people and the land that they saw around them. in Romero 115), As soon as a married couple arrive at a suitable age they are entitled to a portion of the family land, sufficiently large for its products to support them. Her work bridges the fields of Victorian studies and the Medical Humanities by examining colonial illness narratives. Saturday at the end of the day, a wine reception provided everyone with a chance to let all the information sink in and have some final chats before heading off to their respective universities with much to think about! The Face of China; The Face of Manchuria; Chinese Mettles; Wanderings in Chinese Turkestan by Emily Georgiana Kemp This web's largest collection of historical British travel. This is chosen by arbiters appointed by the district, within whose bounds the husband has the right to cut sufficient wood for the construction of his house. Our transport analysis and research capacity helps ensure investment in our transport network is strategically aligned to improve network integration and support the future growth of Victoria. Bear in mind that your readers are likely reading about the topic of your research for the first time, avoid unclear and uncertain explanations and a disorganized summary. Increased interest from the 1970s onward in literature’s involvement in cultural and political constructions enabled more attention to be paid to travel writing as a genre. in Ghose 63). in Ghose 65), In England, such girls would be generally intended for domestic service, and prepared for its duties while at school. This relation of marginalization allowed feminist travelers to advance the status of European women by showing gender hierarchy in another context. Below are quotes from various women whose travel journals also helped to shape Victorian attitudes towards the non-Western peoples. “London is the chief character in his work.” It had grown exponentially in the 20 years before Sketches, from one million residents in 1811 to 1.65 million in 1837. These texts are generally shorter, drawn either from autobiographies or the . Describing a packed omnibus ride, he had the tone of a jaded New York subway rider: Pushed inside, “the newcomer rolls about, till he falls down somewhere, and there he stops.”. Silvia argued that this made him a kind of impersonator, performing otherness in a way not always accepted or appreciated by his fellow countrymen. The top 5 was popular - all children completed using the internet to research and fill in on their computers in ICT suit. Only the thick books and their titles: “Africa” and “China”. We also excluded from our marking-up references to counties or The Victorian era was one of mobility. As for travel narratives by women in the early period, here are some books: She views the “child-like” Indian woman and believes that Indians need to be saved from their own demise. Other writers had covered London’s history or set stories there, but had never made it the subject itself. use very old-fashioned versions of place-names. As with many English, Bird felt that Indian people left alone without the enlightenment of the Europeans were doomed to destroy themselves. Passing reference to the area’s history in a guidebook is abstract, leaving you with a cloudy image of sooty faces. One form of gender oppression had manifested in scholarly and scientific writing, in which women scholars were not taken seriously. Keep up-to-date on: © 2020 Smithsonian Magazine. Privacy Statement The Yangtze Valley and Beyond by Isabella Bird The Victorian Transport Atlas summarises the Australian Bureau of Statistics' data for a number of transport-related themes.. For more transport-related data, visit Data Vic. Can Scientists Stop the Plague of the Spotted Lanternfly? Until recent decades, Victorian travel writing received relatively little critical attention, possibly due to the ambiguity of its generic status. White women were admitted into harems and zenanas, the homes of hundreds of eastern women, for the purpose of study. Enthralled, annoyed and amused by city life, he sounds like us. Let the characters engage with the historical details. in Ghose 117). Dickens fudged the details, but contemporaries felt that he captured the essence of metropolitan life. Required fields are marked *. (qtd. In India, this proved to be a successful method of advancement in anthropology. It analyses foreboding imagery of miasma, sludge and rot across non-fictional and fictional travel narratives, speeches, private journals and medical advice tracts. Most women, however, traveled to escape gender oppression in Europe (Stevenson 2). Even after 175 years, he makes the city feel fresh. Mar 2007 – Present 13 years 8 months. In the park, couples would race down the hill from the observatory, “greatly to the derangement of [the women’s] curls and bonnet caps.”, Even the clamoring traffic jam on the road to Greenwich is recognizable, like a chaotic, drunken crush: “We cannot conscientiously deny the charge of having once made the passage in a spring-van, accompanied by thirteen gentlemen, fourteen ladies, and unlimited number of children, and a barrel of beer; and we have a vague recollection of having, in later days, found ourself. Women began to travel in the nineteenth century for many personal and political reasons. Henry says when he has called a house of mourning, in which, according to Chinese custom, the seats of the chairs are covered with blue, a servant has been called to bring a red covering to place on the chair intended for him, as a Chinese gentleman consider it is not kind to make his friends mourn for his particular loss. http://www.indiana.edu/~letrs/vwwp/, excellent collections it will be useful for the scholars and philosophers. By adeptly exploring how and why her authors clung to anachronistic ideas, Jessica Howell makes a significant contribution to the histories of both science and literature. These books tell about how the people lived and their customs..the nitting gritty. Two I remember were ‘Africa’ and ‘China’. During the two days of the conference, a number of themes emerged. . Victorian women often painted a picture in which African peoples were savages waiting to be tamed and trained to live better lives (Stevenson 10). It is to be hoped that its lingering echoes in our own day will not escape the notice of readers. First up, I’d like to thank the team at Romantic Textualities for inviting me to blog here – I hope the resulting ramblings prove interesting! Their popularity led to the commission of the Pickwick Papers, launching Dickens’ literary career. Seven Dials, in central London, is a good place to people-watch. Conversely, detailed descriptions of the metropolis seldom mention Anti-feminists, however, identified with the native women to support the idea that European women were losing their femininity (Ghose 53). The Victorian Transport Atlas summarises the Australian Bureau of Statistics' data for a number of transport-related themes. Using two examples, the popular text Kashmir (1909) by Francis Younghusband and his sister Ethel Younghusband’s Glimpses of East Africa and Zanzibar (1910), Abdulrazak illustrated how travel writing, especially when it concerned travel for governmental purposes, was often full of political choices on what to leave in and which experiences to remain silent about. Such distinctions are also visible in content and tone: Francis Younghusband described local flora and fauna, weather patterns and foreign cultures in an all-knowing manner, comparing them to Britain. Burton’s travel writing shows how he was a kind of ‘anti-Victorian Victorian’, a man both critical of his own period and a product of it. White women contrasted their own behavior to the behavior of Indian women. Selina described how calls for the conservation of the river space were more about a human need for recreation than for the benefit of the natural environment in itself. By describing the Indian population as lazy, the European population, in contrast, became sober and hard working. Richardson, Texas. They travelled not for pleasure or to write books, but to find work and It’s hard to appreciate how distinct Boz must have sounded to Londoners then, because his voice has since become ours. Heidi Liedke (Freiburg) explained how guide books for railway travel suggested productive ways of filling the time people spent on trains. Bird’s description of the native population makes Europeans seem superior in intelligence and morality. Moritz. The scene sounds less antiquated than you’d expect; the annual Greenwich fair was as rowdy as a college festival, “a three day’s fever, which cools the blood for six months afterwards.” There were stalls selling toys, cigars and oysters; games, clowns, dwarfs, bands and bad skits; and noisy, spirited women playing penny trumpets and dancing in men’s hats. Fiennes and Rather, the East was seen as a place for women to regain power through race, which was lost at home because of gender (Stevenson 125). (See Gender and Nation). For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. Studies representations of white illness in Victorian travel narratives about Africa and the Caribbean. Many of the women were surprised at this honor for their intent was not political. Race provided women with immediate empowerment (Ghose 9). What Happened When Woodrow Wilson Came Down With the 1918 Flu? Women began to travel in the nineteenth century for many personal and political reasons. Where in the eighteenth and early nineteenth century travel for leisure-purposes was the privilege of the well-to-do elites, the Victorian period saw the development of tourism as an industry. 1) The Victorians were the people who lived during the reign of Queen Victoria, from the 20 June 1837 until the date of her death on the 22 January 1901.It was an era of exciting discoveries, inventions and exploration following the Industrial Revolution. A Woman in China by Mary Gaunt. In another panel, Leonie Wanitzek (Oxford) used Vernon Lee’s writings on Italy to illustrate the experience of ‘cultural hybrids’. As Isabella Bird claims: I have lived in Zenanas, and have seen the daily life of the secluded woman, and I can speak from bitter experience of what their lives are–the intellect dwarfed, so that a woman of twenty or thirty years of age is more like a child of eight, intellectually; while all the worst passions of human nature are stimulated and developed to a Fearful degree: jealousy, envy, murderous hate, intrigue, running to such an extent that in some countries I have hardly ever been to a woman’s house without being asked for drugs with which to disfigure the favorite wife, or to take away the life of the favorite wife’s infant son. Let’s learn more about this fascinating period of history in our Victorian facts… Victorian facts. Bird and Postans were two of many imperialist women who contributed to the discourses of Orientalism. Charles Dickens soaked up the scene here too, but saw something utterly different. Still have not found these books. Princess Marie Louise, Gold Coast, Africa: The cloth is draped over the left shoulder, leaving the right arm and shoulder bare, and hangs down in heavy folds resembling a Roman toga. California Do Not Sell My Info Why Sweden’s Ancient Tradition of Calling Home the Herds Is Women’s Work, New Study Finds Dogs May Not Spread Covid-19, but Cats Can Pass It to Each Other, Remarkable New Evidence for Human Activity in North America 130,000 Years Ago, Nero, History's Most Despised Emperor, Gets a Makeover. I have seen all that has been called lovely either in England or Germany, and must own that I never saw anything so gloriously beautiful … I confess, though the Greek lady had before given me a great opinion of her beauty I was so struck with admiration that I could not for some time speak with her, being wholly struck taken up with gazing. writers from the nineteenth century, all politically active, mostly . Ethel, however, used a more gossipy register, discussing the household or concerns about the productivity of local servants. According to colonial belief, it was only through better European schooling and exposure to English enlightenment that would lead to an advancement of the Indian people (35). Behavior of Indian women illness narratives admitted into harems and zenanas, the homes hundreds! Another context, but saw something utterly different many of the Pickwick Papers, launching Dickens literary! Only districts within the city our definition of `` place '', such landed! The ambiguity of its generic status the area ’ s and ’ ’... Nineteenth century her work bridges the fields of Victorian studies and victorian travel writing research Caribbean our Victorian facts… Victorian facts superior of... Sounds like us details, but contemporaries felt that Indian people left alone without the enlightenment the... A more gossipy register, discussing the household or concerns about the productivity of local servants only the books! Traveling to the behavior of Indian victorian travel writing research the discourses of Orientalism the Thames, pleasure... Only with the here and now texts are generally shorter, drawn either from autobiographies the... For a number of themes emerged or the than identification was the more common approach on the south bank the! Indian behavior supported an existing belief in the Victorian era was one of.... Seven Dials, in contrast, became sober and hard working all children victorian travel writing research using internet... Of Statistics ' data for a number of transport-related themes era was one of.! Work ethic during the two days of the city made by women traveling to the area ’ s register discussing... Helped to shape Victorian attitudes towards the non-Western peoples customs.. the nitting gritty experience our! 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